Ukuqonda iZikhululo ze-Hydrogen Refueling: Isikhokelo esiBanzi

Isibaso seHydrogen siye sathathwa endaweni eyamkelekileyo njengoko ihlabathi litshintshela kwimithombo yombane ecocekileyo. Eli nqaku lithetha ngezikhululo ze-hydrogen refueling, imiceli mngeni abajongene nayo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kwezothutho.

Yintoni iSikhululo sokuThambisa iHydrogen?

Iiseli ze-fuel zeemoto zombane zinokufumana amafutha e-hydrogen kwiindawo ezithile ezibizwa ngokuba yi-hydrogen refueling stations (HRS). Nangona zenzelwe ukujongana ne-hydrogen, igesi ebiza amanyathelo okhuseleko athile kunye noomatshini abakhethekileyo, ezi zikhululo ziyafana ngobuhle nezikhululo zegesi eziqhelekileyo.

Inkqubo yokwenziwa okanye yokuhanjiswa kwe-hydrogen, iitanki zokupholisa kunye nokugcina, kunye nezixhobo zokukhupha amanzi zezona nxalenye zinkulu zintathu zesikhululo sokugcwalisa i-hydrogen. Ihydrogen inokuhanjiswa kwiziko ngemibhobho okanye iitreyila zetyhubhu, okanye inokuveliswa kwindawo kusetyenziswa i-methane reforming ngomphunga okanye i-electrolysis ukuyivelisa.

Amacandelo angundoqo weSikhululo sokuThambisa iHydrogen:

l Izixhobo zokwenza okanye ukuthutha i-hydrogen kwiinqanawa

l iiyunithi zokucinezela ukwandisa uxinzelelo lweetanki ze-hydrogen ezigcina i-hydrogen yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu

l Abanikezeli abanemilomo yeFCEV ekhethekileyo

l imisebenzi yokhuseleko efana nokufumanisa ukuvuza kunye nokuvalwa kweemeko ezingxamisekileyo

Yeyiphi eyona Ngxaki inkulu nge-Hydrogen Fuel?

Izixhobo zokuvelisa okanye zokuthutha i-hydrogen kwiiyunithi zokucinezela iinqanawa ukunyusa uxinzelelo lweitanki ze-hydrogen ezigcina i-hydrogen yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu.dii-ispens ezine-FCEV ezikhethekileyo zemilomo imisebenzi yokhuseleko njengokufumana ukuvuza kunye nokuvalwa ngexesha likaxakeka.Iindleko zemveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla yimiba ephambili ejongene ne-hydrogen fuel. Kule mihla, i-steam methane reforming-esebenzisa igesi yendalo kwaye ivelise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni-isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa uninzi lwe-hydrogen. Nangona "i-hydrogen eluhlaza" eyenziwe yi-electrolysis enamandla ahlaziyekayo icocekile, ixabiso lisephezulu kakhulu.

Le yimiceli mngeni ebaluleke ngakumbi: UThutho kunye noGcino: Ngenxa yokuba i-hydrogen inomthamo omncinci wamandla kumthamo wayo, inokudityaniswa kuphela okanye ipholiswe kuxinzelelo oluphezulu lomoya, ibangele ubunzima kunye neendleko.

Uphuculo lweZibonelelo: kubiza izibonelelo ezininzi zokwakha inani elikhulu lezikhululo zokugalela amafutha.

Ukulahleka kwamandla: Ngenxa yokulahleka kwamandla ngexesha lemveliso, ukunciphisa, kunye nokutshintshiselana, iiseli zepetroli ezenziwe nge-hydrogen ziye zancipha ukusebenza "ukusuka emthonjeni ukuya kwivili" kuneemoto zombane ezineebhetri.

Ngaphandle kobu bunzima inkxaso karhulumente kunye nophando oluqhubekayo lukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezobuchwepheshe olunokunyusa ukwenzeka kwezoqoqosho lwe-hydrogen.

Ngaba i-Hydrogen Fuel ingcono kunoMbane?

Ukhetho phakathi kweemoto zombane zebhetri (BEVs) kunye neemoto ezixhaswe ngamaseli e-hydrogen fuel kunzima kuba, ngokusekelwe kwingxaki yokusetyenziswa, zonke iintlobo zeteknoloji zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezithile.

Iimoto zombane ezineebhetri ziluncedo ngakumbi kuthutho lwemihla ngemihla kunye nokusetyenziswa ezixekweni, ngelixa iimoto ezisebenza nge-hydrogen zisebenza kakuhle kwizicelo ezifuna imigama emide kunye nokufaka i-refueling ngokukhawuleza, njengebhasi kunye neelori.

Zingaphi iZitishi zeHydrojeni zokugalela amafutha e-Hydrogen ezikhoyo ehlabathini?

Ngaphezu kwe-1,000 yezikhululo ze-hydrogen refueling zazisebenza kwihlabathi liphela ukusukela ngo-2026, kwaye ukukhula okukhulu kuya kucwangciswa kwiminyaka elandelayo. Kukho iindawo ezininzi ezikhethekileyo aphoisikhululo se-hydrogenyiufudusiwe:

Ngaphezulu kwefinamakhuluizikhululo, iAsia ithatha imarike, ngokuyintloko ibandakanya amazwe oMzantsi Korea (izikhululo ezingaphezu kwe-100) kunye neJapan (izikhululo ezingaphezu kwe-160). eTshayinaimarikeikhula ngokukhawuleza kuba urhulumente uneenjongo ezinqwenelekayo.

Ngezikhululo ezimalunga ne-100, iJamani iphambi kweYurophu, izingca malunga nezikhululo ezingamakhulu amabini. Ngo-2030, i-European Union iceba ukunyusela kumawaka ezikhululo.

Ngaphezulu kwezikhululo ezingama-80 zineendawo zokuthengisa kuMntla Merika, ubukhulu becala ezisuka eCalifornia, nezimbalwa ezingakumbi eKhanada nakummandla osemntla-mpuma weUnited States.

Ngoqikelelo olucebisa ukuba kunokubakho ngaphezulu kwe-5,000 yezikhululo kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2030, ithi yonke indawo ize nemigaqo-nkqubo etafileni eyilelwe ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwezikhululo ze-hydrogen.

Kutheni i-Hydrogen Fuel ingcono kunePetrol?

Xa kuthelekiswa namafutha emveli enziwe ngeoyile, isibaso sehydrogen sineengenelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo:

Ungcoliseko loMoya onguZero: Iiseli zamafutha ezisebenza nge-hydrogen zinqanda ukukhutshwa kombhobho onobungozi obangela ungcoliseko lomoya kunye namaqondo obushushu ashushu ngokuvelisa umphunga nje wamanzi njengesiphumo esisecaleni.

Imfuno yaMandla okuHlaza: Umjikelo wamandla ococekileyo unokudalwa ngokudala i-hydrogen kusetyenziswa imithombo yendalo efana nokukhanya kwelanga kunye namandla omoya.

Ukhuseleko lwamandla: ukwenziwa kwehydrogen kuzwelonke ukusuka kwimithombo emininzi kunciphisa ukuthembela kwipetroleum yangaphandle.

Ukusebenza okuPhezulu: Xa kuthelekiswa nezithuthi eziqhutywa ziinjini ezitshisa ipetroli, iimoto zeeseli zamafutha ziphantse zibe phakathi kwesibini ukuya kathathu ngokufanelekileyo.

Imisebenzi Ezolileyo: Kuba iimoto zehydrogen zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, zinciphisa ungcoliseko lwengxolo ezixekweni.

Izibonelelo eziluhlaza ze-hydrogen zenza ukuba kube yinto ekhangayo yokutshintsha amafutha ekutshintsheni kuthutho olucocekileyo, nangona kunjalo imiba yokuvelisa kunye nokuthutha isenzeka.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwenza iSikhululo sokuFaka i-Hydrogen?

Umgca wexesha wesikhululo se-hydrogen sokwakha sixhomekeke kakhulu kwinani lezinto ezifana nobukhulu besikhululo, indawo yokusebenza, imithetho yemvume, kunye nokuba i-hydrogen ibonelelwe okanye yenziwe kwisiza.

Kwizikhululo ezimbalwa ezinamalungu enziwe kwangaphambili kunye noyilo oluncitshisiweyo, iishedyuli eziqhelekileyo ziphakathi kweenyanga ezintandathu kunye neshumi elinesibini.

Kwizikhululo ezikhulu nezintsonkothileyo ezinendawo yokuvelisa kwisiza, kuthatha iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-24.

Imiba elandelayo yimiba ebalulekileyo echaphazela ixesha lokwakha: ukukhetha indawo kunye nokucwangcisa

Iimvume ezifunekayo kunye neemvume

Ukufumana kunye nokubonelela ngezixhobo

Ukwakha nokumisela

Ukuseta kunye novavanyo lokhuseleko

Ukusasazwa kwezityalo zamandla e-hydrogen ngoku kusebenza ngakumbi kumbulelo kwinkqubela phambili entsha kuyilo lweemodyuli zesitishi ezicinezele amaxesha oyilo loyilo.

Ungakanani uMbane osuka kwi-1 kg yeHydrojeni?

Ukusebenza kwenkqubo yeeseli zamafutha kuxhomekeke kubuninzi bombane onokuveliswa kusetyenziswa ikhilogram enye yehydrogen. Kwizicelo zemihla ngemihla:

Ikhilogram enye yehidrojeni inokuthi inike amandla isithuthi esisebenza ngeeseli zamafutha kumgama omalunga neemayile ezingama-60-70.

Ikhilogram enye yehydrogen iphantse ibe yi-33.6 kWh yamandla.

Ikhilogram enye yehydrogen inokuvelisa malunga ne-15–20 kWh yombane onokusetyenziswa emva kokuthembeka kweeseli ze-fuel (ngokuqhelekileyo ngama-40–60%) kuthathelwa ingqalelo.

Ukubeka oku kumxholo, ikhaya eliqhelekileyo laseMelika lisebenzisa phantse i-kWh engamashumi amathathu yombane ngosuku, ebonisa ukuba, ukuba iguqulwe ngempumelelo, i-2 kg ye-hydrogen inokuqhuba indawo yokuhlala usuku.

UGuqulo lwaMandla ngokuFanelekileyo:

Izithuthi ezinikwe amandla ziiseli zamafutha e-hydrogen zinokusebenza “kokuhamba kakuhle kwevili” phakathi kwe-25-35%, ngelixa iimoto zombane zebhetri zisebenza nge-70-90%. Ilahleko yamandla ekwenziweni kwe-hydrogen, i-decompression, uthutho, kunye nokuguqulwa kweeseli zamafutha zezona zizathu ziphambili zalo mahluko.